What are "on-site activities" as defined in the Act?

"On-site activities," as defined in the relevant Act, refer to the activities that encompass winning coal and the related processes necessary to extract and prepare coal for further use or transport. This definition focuses on the core elements involved directly in the mining and production process rather than those that occur afterwards, such as transportation or marketing.

Winning coal involves the extraction from the earth, which may include various techniques and methods used in mining operations. Related processes can encompass not just extraction, but also initial handling and processing operations needed before the coal is transported or sold. This makes the definition of "on-site activities" particularly specific to the operational aspects of the mining industry where coal is being actively gathered and prepared for subsequent stages.

Other options, while connected to the broader coal industry, focus on stages that occur either after extraction or in the handling and selling of coal rather than the direct initial processes. Therefore, they do not fall under the stringent definition of "on-site activities" as mandated by the Act.